
Should Fluoride be Ingested or Used Topically?
"How can we get digital cable and Internet in our homes, but not clean water?"
By CHARLES DUHIGG New York Times
What works to remove specific contaminants?
Please note: This list was compiled for research and informational purposes only. It is not intended to suggest that any of the listed contaminants are present in your water supply. Only testing by an accredited lab can identify the presence of contaminants in your water supply.
|
Contaminant |
Maximum Acceptable Level |
Common |
Health |
Most Effective Purification Technology |
|
0.010 mg/L |
Natural deposits, smelters, glass, electronics wastes, orchards |
Skin, nervous system toxicity |
||
|
7 MFL (million fibers / liter) |
Natural deposits, asbestos cement in water systems |
Cancer |
||
|
2 mg/L |
Natural deposits, pigments, epoxy sealants, spent coal |
Circulatory system effects |
||
|
- |
animal & human waste, septic fields, sewage, farming |
various illnesses |
||
|
0.005 mg/L |
Natural deposits, galvanized pipe corrosion, batteries, paints |
Kidney disorders |
||
|
0.002 mg/L |
Leaching from soil treatment for termites |
Cancer |
||
|
4 mg/L |
Water disinfection |
see chlorination by-products (Trihalomethanes) |
||
|
0.1 mg/L |
Natural deposits, mining, electroplating, pigments |
Liver, kidney, circulatory disorders |
||
|
1.3 mg/L |
Natural / industrial deposits, wood preservatives, plumbing |
Gastrointestinal irritation |
||
|
Zero |
Animal or human waste, contaminated food products |
Gastrointestinal illness |
||
|
Zero |
Naturally occurring, human or animal wastes |
Gastrointestinal disorders (often severe) |
||
|
4 mg/L |
Natural deposits, fertilizer, aluminum industries, water additive |
Skeletal and dental fluorosis |
||
|
Zero |
Naturally occurring, human or animal wastes |
Gastrointestinal disorders (Beaver Fever) |
||
|
n/a |
Natural deposits |
Rotten egg taste and odour |
||
|
0.3 mg/L |
Natural deposits |
Staining of laundry, plumbing, appliances |
||
|
0.05 mg/L |
Natural deposits |
Staining of laundry, plumbing, appliances |
||
|
0.002 mg/L |
Crop runoff, natural deposits, batteries, electrical switches |
Kidney, nervous system disorders |
||
|
- |
Animal & human waste, septic fields, sewage, farming |
various illnesses |
Various |
|
|
10 mg/L |
Animal waste, fertilizer, natural deposits, septic tanks, sewage |
Methemoglobulinemia (blue baby syndrome) |
||
|
10.0005 mg/L |
Coolant oils from electrical transformers, plasticizers |
Cancer |
||
|
5 pCi/L |
Natural deposits |
Bone cancer |
||
|
|
Natural deposits |
Cancer |
||
|
0.05 mg/L |
Natural deposits, mining, smelting, coal/oil combustion |
Liver damage |
||
|
500 mg/L |
Naturally-occurring |
laxative effect - gastrointestinal irritation (loose stools, diarrhea, etc.) especially in infants or individuals not acclimated to high levels |
||
|
500 mg/L |
Erosion of naturally occurring mineral deposits |
Gastrointestinal irritation in some individuals |
||
|
0.003 mg/L |
Insecticide formerly used on cattle, cotton, soybeans |
Cancer |
||
|
0.08 mg/L |
By-product of chlorination in drinking water |
Cancer |
||
|
n/a (5 NTU max. recommended) |
Soil runoff |
Interferes with disinfection, filtration |
||
|
0.03 mg/L |
Natural occurring |
Kidney disorders, cancer |
||
|
- |
animal & human waste, septic fields, sewage, farming |
various illnesses |
||
|
Varied |
Varied |
Varied, incl. cancer |
||
|
5 mg/L |
Natural deposits, industrial waste |
Metallic taste in water |